Canadian Health Information Management Association Practice Exam

What term describes the loss of tissue differentiation and function characteristic of most malignancies?

1. Anaplasia

2. Atrophy

3. Dysplasia

4. Hyperplasia

The correct answer is: Anaplasia

The term that describes the loss of tissue differentiation and function characteristic of most malignancies is anaplasia. Anaplasia involves a significant alteration in the appearance and function of cells, where they become more primitive and less specialized. This change signifies an aggressive form of cancer where the cells lose their structural and functional characteristics, making them highly disorganized and non-functional. In the context of malignancies, anaplastic cells often exhibit features such as increased nuclear size, a higher ratio of nucleus to cytoplasm, and an irregular shape. This state is indicative of tumor progression and is associated with the overall malignancy of a tumor, reflecting its capacity for uncontrolled growth and potential to metastasize. Atrophy refers to the reduction in the size or function of an organ or tissue, usually due to a decrease in cell size or number, and is not typically associated with malignancies. Dysplasia indicates an abnormal development or growth of tissues or cells, often seen as a precancerous condition but does not necessarily imply loss of differentiation to the extent seen in anaplasia. Hyperplasia describes an increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ, leading to its enlargement, which can be a response to stimuli and is not indicative of the