Canadian Health Information Management Association Practice Exam

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In a prospective study, which cohort is selected?

Persons with the disease
Persons without the disease
Persons without the factor under investigation
Persons with the factor under investigation

The correct answer is: Persons without the disease

In a prospective study, the cohort selected is composed of persons without the disease at the outset of the study. The purpose of choosing this healthy group is to observe the development of the disease over time, particularly in relation to various exposures or risk factors that may be under investigation. By starting with individuals who do not have the disease, researchers can determine if and how certain factors contribute to the onset of the disease. This forward-looking approach allows for the assessment of causality and the effects of risk factors over time, which is a fundamental aspect of prospective study design. The selection of individuals without the disease is crucial, as it enables a baseline comparison between those who do develop the disease and those who do not, thereby increasing the validity of the findings regarding the impact of specific factors.